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19.fewpleasurescanequalthatofacooldrink.
20.heisnothingbutaclerk.heisanythingbutaclerk.heissomeonesomethingnotanybody.sheissomethingofadoctor.shehassavedmanylives.
35.英语时态无处不在
时间是大家共有的,时态是英语特有的。什么时间做什么事,中文里只需要使用一些辅助词,如经常,正在,即将,已经等就可以表达清楚了,而英语却要使用动词不同的时态或句式。这些时态和句式常常难住了不少人。所谓时态,就是关注什么时间做什么事。这个问题弄清楚了,许多事情就好办了。
英语时态,无处不在。出口提笔,不离不弃。英语里共有十六种时态。最常见的,也是高考常考的以前只有八种,现在已扩充到十二种。每年高考英语试卷十五个单选题就有两三分考时态,完形填空里也偶尔出现,25分书面表达法几乎是句句离不开时态。由此可见,时态学好了,优势就是你的了。
学习英语时态,首先要记住不同时态的构成,它们相当于数学公式。以write为例,列出英语里常见的十二种时态,供参考。一般现在时(writewrites);一般过去时(wrote);一般将来时(willshallwrite);过去将来是(wouldshouldwrite);现在完成时(havehaswritten);过去完成时(hadwritten);现在进行时(isamarewriting);过去进行时(waswerewriting);现在完成进行时(havehasbeenwriting);过去完成进行时(hadbeenwriting);将来完成时(willshallhavewritten);将来进行时(willshallbewriting)。
光记住公式还远远不够。重要是要学会参悟语境,这是学好英语时态最重要也是最难做的。参悟语境,即通过上下文,抓住时间点,然后依据相关的时态规则,选定正确的时态。想做到这一点,平时要多听多看。听多了,看够了,感觉就找到了,就能够运用自如了。下面先列出一些句子,认真地读,仔细地悟,看看能否找到感觉。
1.heisalwaysreadytohelpothers.shealwayswearsareddress.sheneverstopstalking!iwatchtvforsixteenorseventeenhoursaday.
2.shelikesplayingbasketball.shelovestotelljokes.
3.everythinggoeswell.theregoesthebell.
4.workersfacetoughtimesabroad.
5.thetrainleavesat10:20a.
6.i’llgowithyouassoonasireturnhome.
7.ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceednextyear.
8.whateveryousay,iwillnotchangemymind.
9.sheoftencriedwhenshewasagirl.ioftenwentswimminginmyhometown.
10.iwenttothepostofficejustnow.isawafilmlastnight.
11.ididn’tknowyouwerehere.
12.alicewillcomenextweek.kidswon’tgotoschool.they’llstudyathomeoncomputers.howwilltheworldbedifferentinthefuture,100yearsfromnow?
13.fishwilldiewithoutwater.hewilloftengotoworkwithouthavingbreakfast.thatwillbexiaoliatthedoor,ithink.-wouldyoumindmovingyourbike?–sorry,i’lldoitrightaway.
14.sheisgoingtospeakontvthisevening.ifitisfine,wewillgofishing.ameetingistobeheldat3o’clockthisafternoon.
15.whenmymumsawthisphotoofmejumpingoffabridge,shemademepromisethati’dneverdoitagain.
16.thebabyiscryingnow.heislearningchinesenow.iknowyouarearrivingnextsunday.ithinktherewillbenotrafficproblemsbytheyear2050becausemanyofuswillbeworkingathomeusingcomputers.
17.idon’treallywork;iamjusthelpingoutuntilthenewsecretaryarrives.we’retrainingeverydaythisweektoprepareforournextmatch.
18.–lily,hereisacallforyou.–oh,i’mcoming.
19.theywerewritingbusilywhenmissbrownwenttogetthebookshehadleftintheoffice.thateveningscroogewassittinginfrontofhisfireathomewhen,suddenly,hesawaghostinfrontofhiiwassupposedtoarriveat7:00,butiarrivedat8:00.
20.hewasalways******thesamemistake.sheisalwaystalkingloudinpublic.
21.hehasturnedoffthelight.howmuchhaveyoulearnedsofar?shehasalreadytidiedherroointhelastthirtyyears,theinternethasgrownrapidly.lovershavesufferedsinceancienttimesthesorrowsofparting.多情自古伤离别。wewillhavefinishedourworkby8o’clocktomorrow.
22.hehaswritten6bookssofar.mylifehaschangedalotinthelastfewyears.howlonghaveyoubeencollectingshells?
23.thisisthefirsttimeihavecomehere.thiswasthethirdtime(that)shehadmadethesamemistake.
24.iwillgowithyouassoonasihavefinishedmywork.wehaveallplayedwithsnowandice.
25.bythenhehadlearnedenglishforsixyears.hehadfinishedwritingthebookbytheendoflastmonth.hesaidthathehadbeenabroadfor3years.shesaidthatshehadforgottentodohers.hesaidthathehadbeenpaintingthehouseallday.ihadthoughtyouwouldcometomorrow.weweretomeetatabout5.byeighto’clocktomorrowwewillhavebeenworkingfortenhours.
36.英语情态动词简介
英语里的情态动词,通俗地说就是说话的态度问题。就是所谓的态度决定一切(attitudedetermineseverything.)。说话要留有余地,不能把话说绝了,要客观公正,不主观武断(might,may,could,can,will,should,oughtto)。能(canbeableto)还是不能(cant),要实事求是。敢(dare)不敢(darent)做是一回事,该(shouldoughtto,)不该(shouldntoughto)做是另一回事。有没有决心(will)做也是一个关键性问题。还有就是,该肯定时肯定(mustshallhaveto),不能一味否定(musshant)。是过去常做的(usedtowould)还是现在常做的(will)也要说明白。是肯定做了(musthavedone),可能做了(cancouldhavedone),还是本不该做而做了(shouldnthavedoneoughttohavedone),本不必做而做了(neednthavedone),这些都是要弄清楚的,不能含糊,含糊可能要犯错误的。
说的多多不如做的多,还是看例句后再说。仔细观摩,认真揣测,深刻领会,用于实践。
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